TA仪器+TAM IV+微量热仪

在经济快速发展进程，对化学品的生产及使用逐渐走向多样化、大量化、复杂化，化学品的性质也趋于复杂及高危害性。失控反应最终可能导致火灾、爆炸甚至外泄等安全议题，造成巨大的生命财产损失，因此也日益受到关注。国家十三五规划中也表明应提供安全生产的工作环境，建立良好之物质管理体系，有效推动灾害防范；充分知悉工作场所危害物质的特性及危害，并依各项安全规定工作，维持生产安全。本文与国际知名热分析厂家美国TA仪器合作，浅谈在国际上及个人研究经验对热分析技术研究失控反应的案例介绍及心得。

一般炸药和推进剂的稳定性和兼容性的调查需要远远超出了讨论范围。 在过去的100多年里，硝基一直被用作推进剂，设定了大量的测试来调查其稳定性。大多数的这些测试在本质上都很非常简单和实证的。然而，在过去10年左右的时间里，现代分析方法已被引入炸药领域，且常与旧方法一起使用。现代研究方法提供了有关该组分研究的更真实信息，但其结果是稳定的、兼容的且保持复杂混合物的稳定性，这在推进剂研究中是不容易的。

The need to survey the stability and compatibility of explosives in general and propellants in particular is beyond discussion. During the more than 100 years that nitrocellulose has been in use as a propellant, an enormous number of tests have been devised to survey its stabiliiy. The majority of these tests are rather simple and empirical in nature. During the last decade or so, however, modern analytical methods have been introduced in the explosives feld, and are often used in parallel with older methods. Modern methods give real information about the components studied, but the translation of the result into terms of stability, compatibility and remaining stable life of the complex mixture of ingredients in a propellant is no easy task.

Microcalorimetry has been successfully applied to the study of electrochemical components and structural materials during the design and development of new batteries. The Ampoule form of the Microcalorimeter is ideally suited to the examination of the electrochemical materials in forms such as pastes, liquids, powders or even the entire battery. The method is non-destructive, Analysis of the activity of the components is fast; for example, a reaction normally taking several weeks or months can be observed within a few hours when using this technique. The variable full-scale readout range of the instrument ensures a sensitive measurement of the activity of a wide range of samples,

Biofilms are defined as “bacteria growing on a surface as single or multi-layered communities”. Over the past several years the importance of biofilms in research has been increasingly growing as scientists realized that many, if not a large majority, of microorganisms exist naturally as biofilms. Indeed, biofilms studies are common in water science (natural waters or waste waters), environmental studies (biofilm formation on rocks), material science (antifouling surfaces) and finally medical or biomedical studies (infections, implantology). The study of biofilms has evolved with the development of many staining, molecular, or microscopy techniques. However, most of these techniques are destructive and therefore only provide endpoint measurements. Consequently, the metabolism and the dynamic behavior of biofilms remains mostly inaccessible to researchers. In this context, isothermal microcalorimetry is a valuable tool enabling investigation of development and metabolic activities of growing or mature biofilms. Several techniques combined with an isothermal calorimeter can be used to study biofilms and this application note aims at summarizing these techniques and providing some tips and tricks.

近年来已有越来越多利用微量热仪器研究食品相关课题发表，包含天然物的分离纯化、食品加工程序优化、食品添加剂、食品污染及毒性评估等。基于仪器的高灵敏度及能够量测活体生物生长代谢能量的优点，已有许多研究植物细胞、动物细胞或微生物（细菌、真菌、病毒等）相关文献发表在不同领域。本短文乃是基于生长代谢能量之量测，在食品加工上的应用简介。