CO2 CH4 NH3 N2O H2O 气体地上地下立体观测方案

PRI-8800 全自动变温培养土壤呼吸测量系统结合了连续变温培养和高频土壤呼吸在线测量的优势，为“双碳”目标研究和评价提供了强有力的工具。

针对“双碳”行动有效性评估，在遵循MRV体系的前提下，普瑞亿科联合中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所、复旦大学、南京信息工程大学等单位，升级体系至MVS（可监测-Monitoring、可核查-Verification、可支持-Support），并针对性地开发了一整套“碳计量”解决方案，致力于 “天-空-地”多源碳（CO2）及其它温室气体监测、碳同化反演、碳达峰及碳中和行动有效性评估的系统解决方案。

严重的空气污染和逐渐变暖的气候是目前人类社会面临的重大威胁。据世界卫生组织估计，全球90%的人口呼吸的空气都是不健康的，每年因空气污染而早逝的人数高达700万。全球变暖则可触发一系列难以预测的极端天气和气候灾害，给人们的生命健康和财产安全带来巨大隐患。空气污染、全球变暖这两大全球性环境问题，都与含碳物质（例如黑碳、二氧化碳、甲烷）排放密切相关。这些物质既可通过自然过程排放（例如森林火灾），亦可通过人类活动产生（例如机动车尾气、工厂废气），一旦排放到大气中，很难通过常规手段进行区分。放射性碳同位素（14C）分析，是解决此难题的强有力技术手段。

Analysis of the hydrogen and oxygen stable isotope ratios of beverage waters without prior water extraction using isotope ratio infrared spectroscopy Hydrogen (d2H) and oxygen (d18O) stable isotope analysis is useful when tracing the origin of water in beverages, but traditional analytical techniques are limited to pure or extracted waters. We measured the isotopic composition of extracted beverage water using both isotope ratio infrared spectroscopy (IRIS; specifically, wavelength-scanned cavity ring-down spectroscopy) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). We also analyzed beer, sodas, juices, and milk ‘as is’ using IRIS. For IRIS analysis, four sequential injections of each sample were measured and data were corrected for sample-to-sample memory using injections (a) 1-4, (b) 2-4, and (c) 3-4. The variation between d2H and d18O values calculated using the three correction methods was larger for unextracted (i.e., complex) beverages than for waters. The memory correction was smallest when using injections 3-4. Beverage water d2H and d18O values generally fit the Global Meteoric Water Line, with the exception of water from fruit juices. The beverage water stable isotope ratios measured using IRIS agreed well with the IRMS data and fit 1:1 lines, with the exception of sodas and juices (d2H values) and beers (d18O values). The d2H and d18O values of waters extracted from beer, soda, juice, and milk were correlated with complex beverage d2H and d18O values (r¼0.998 and 0.997, respectively) and generally fit 1:1 lines. We conclude that it is possible to analyze complex beverages, without water extraction, using IRIS although caution is needed when analyzing beverages containing sugars, which can clog the syringe and increase memory, or alcohol, a known spectral interference.